Mitochondrial DNA alterations and reduced mitochondrial function in aging
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Mitochondrial DNA and aging.
Among the numerous theories that explain the process of aging, the mitochondrial theory of aging has received the most attention. This theory states that electrons leaking from the ETC (electron transfer chain) reduce molecular oxygen to form O2*- (superoxide anion radicals). O2*-, through both enzymic and non-enzymic reactions, can cause the generation of other ROS (reactive oxygen species). T...
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Mitochondria contain their own DNA (mtDNA), which codes for 13 proteins (all subunits of the respiratory chain complexes), 22 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs. Several mtDNA point mutations as well as deletions have been shown to be causative in well-defined mitochondrial disorders. A mixture of mutated and wild type mtDNA (heteroplasmy) is found in most of these disorders. Inheritance of mtDNA is maternal, a...
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The purpose of this study was to determine if mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in diabetic nephropathy (DN), a kidney disease which affects > 100 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of renal failure despite therapy. A cross-sectional study comparing DN with diabetes patients without kidney disease (DC) and healthy controls (HCs); and renal mesangial cells (HMCs) grown in norma...
متن کاملMitochondrial DNA in aging and disease.
At age five a seemingly healthy boy inexplicably began to lose his hearing, which disappeared entirely before he turned 18. In the interim, he was diagnosed as hyperactive and suffered occasional seizures. By the time he was 23, his vision had declined; he had cataracts, glaucoma and progressive deterioration of the retina. Within five years he had experienced severe seizures, and his kidneys h...
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The human mitochondrial genome involves over 1,000 genes, dispersed across the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the biparentally inherited nuclear DNA (nDNA). The mtDNA encodes 13 core proteins that determine the efficiency of the mitochondrial energy-generating system, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), plus the RNA genes for their translation within the mitochondrion. The m...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0047-6374
DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2010.03.007